From Mariology to Tritheism. On Some Possible Late Byzantine Parallels to Leontius’ of Byzantium and John Philoponus’ Ideas (Theophanes of Nicaea, John XI Veccus, Georges Moskhambar). Part 2

   The article is the second part of our study concerning some possible repercussions and influences between Leontius of Byzantium and the thirteenth-century Byzantine Latinophile thought (Veccus). We have demonstrated that the main confusion in Veccus’ On the Union between the Churches of the Old and the New Rome was due, first, to the too wide usage of such categories as essence, hypostasis, nature, and enhypostaton, and, second, to the Patriarch’s lack of awareness of Leontius’ writings, especially of Against Nestorians and Eutychians, where the author himself had foreseen some lines of reasoning analogous to those of Veccus. On much the same lines that reduction of Veccus’ Latinophile ideas to tritheism is based which can be found in Georges Moschambar’s Against the Blasphemies of Veccus dating back to 1281. Leontius’ and Moschambar’s treatises do indeed refute a widespread idea represented, in particular, by H.-G. Beck and T. Kolbaba, that in Byzantine theology rhetoric dominated over logic.

1. Alexakis A. (2000) “The Greek Patristic Testimonia Presented at the Council of Florence (1439) in Support of the Filioque Reconsidered”. RÉB, vol. 58, pp. 149–165.

2. Baranov V. A. (2019) “Human Destiny and Divine Providence in Two Byzantine Authors of the Early Eighth Century”. Scrinium, vol. 15, pp. 3–29.

3. Beck H.-G. (1952) Theodoros Metochites. Die Krise des byzantinischen Weltbildes im 14. Jahrhundert. München: C. H. Beck.

4. Benedetto K. (1920) Estetika kak nauka o vyrazheniji i kak obshchaja lingvistika [Aesthetics as the Science of Expression and as General Linguistics] in V. Jakovenko (ed.). Moscow: Izd. M. i S. Sabashnikovyh, chast’ 1. Teorija (in Russian).

5. Blowers P. M. (1997) “Realized Eschatology in Maximus the Confessor Ad Thalassium 22”. Studia рatristica, vol. 32, pp. 258–263.

6. Candal M. (1957) “La ‘Regla teológica’ de Nilo Cabásilas”. OCP, vol. 23, pp. 237–266.

7. Constas N. (ed.) (2014) Maximos the Confessor. On Difficulties in the Church Fathers. The Ambigua. Cambridge; London: Harvard University Press, vol. 2 (Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library; 29).

8. Ðakovac A. (2017) “Τρόπος ὑπάρξεως bei den Kappadokischen Vätern und bei St. Maximus Confessor”, in B. Šijaković (ed.) Durch den Glauben denken. Aufsätze aus der serbischen Theologie heute. Belgrad: Orthodox-theologische Fakultät, pp. 119–127.

9. Daley B. (2017) “Introduction”, in B. E. Daley (ed.) Leontius of Byzantium. Complete Works. Oxford: Oxford University Press (Oxford Early Christian Texts), pp. 1–110.

10. Daley B. E. (ed.) (2017) Leontius of Byzantium. Complete Works. Oxford: Oxford University Press (Oxford Early Christian Texts).

11. Falco V. de (ed.) (1926) Joannes Pediasimus. In Aristotelis Analytica scholia selecta. Napoli: F. Sangiovanni et filii.

12. Janakiev K. (2016) “Reljacionistskaja triadologija Boecija i uchenie o Svjatoj Troice otcov-kappadokijcev” [“The Relationalistic Triadology of Boethius and the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity of Cappadocian Fathers”], in I. G. Bej, G. Kapriev (eds.) Sovremennaja bolgarskaja patrologija. Kiev: Izdatel’skij otdel Ukrainskoj Pravoslavnoj Cerkvi, pp. 76–105 (in Russian).

13. Kolbaba T. (2017) “Theological Debates with the West, 1054–1300”, in A. Kaldellis, N. Siniossoglou (eds.) The Cambridge Intellectual History of Byzantium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 479–493.

14. Kotter B. (ed.) (1981) Die Schriften des Johannes von Damaskos. Berlin; New York: W. de Gruyter, vol. 4 (PTS; 22).

15. Krausmüller D. (2014) “A Chalcedonian Conundrum: The Singularity of the Hypostasis of Christ”. Scrinium, vol. 10, pp. 361–382.

16. Krausmüller D. (2019) “Does the Flesh Possess Hypostatic Idioms, and If So, Why Is It Then Not a Separate Hypostasis? On a Conceptual Problem of Late Patristic Christology”. Scrinium, vol. 15, pp. 193–210.

17. Larchet J.-C. (1996) La divinisation de l’homme selon Saint Maxime le Confesseur. Paris: Cerf (Cogitatio fidei; 194).

18. Laurent V. (1929) “Un polémiste grec de la fin du XIIIe siècle. La vie et les œuvres de George Moschabar”. Echos d’Orient, vol. 28 (2), pp. 129–158.

19. Levrie K. (2015) “La Syllogè contre les Latins de Théodore Agallianos. Édition critique”. Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik, vol. 65, pp. 129–152.

20. Lilla S. (1970) “Un opuscolo polemico anonimo contro il patriarca Becco di Costantinopoli (1275–1282)”. Byzantion, vol. 40, pp. 75–89.

21. Lur’e V. M., [Baranov V. M.] (2006), Istoria vizantijskoj filosofii. Formativnyj period [History of Byzantine Philosophy. Formative Period]. Saint-Petersburg: Axiōma (in Russian).

22. Makarov D. (2010) “The Holy Spirit as Life and Energy. The Treatment of Athanasius’ Ad Serapionem I, 20–21 in the Late Thirteenth Century and Its Implications for the Hesychast Controversy”. Byzantion, vol. 80, pp. 197–246.

23. Makarov D. (2011) “Some Notes on the Notions of Synergy and Interpenetration in Theophanes of Nicaea”. Studia рatristica, vol. 51, pp. 205–216.

24. Makarov D. I., Birjukov D. S. (eds.) (2012 [2014]) “Nil Kavasila, sv. Pravilo bogoslovija” [“St. Nilus Cabasilas. Rule of Theology”]. EINAI. Problemy filosofii i teologii. Nauchnyj zhurnal. Saint-Petersburg: GUAP, no. 2 (2), pp. 395–405 (in Russian).

25. Makarov D. I. (2017) Palamizm do svjatitelja Grigorija Palamy, spor o Filiokve i primat papy v vizantijskoj ekklesiologii XII–XIV vv.: nekotorii nabljudenija [Palamism before St. Gregory Palamas, the Debate about Filioque and the Primacy of the Pope in Byzantine Ecclesiology of the 12th–14th Centuries: Some Observations]. Yekaterinburg: Ekaterinburgskaja duhovnaja seminarija (in Russian).

26. Makarov D. I. (2018 [2019]) “‘Slovo ob obrazovannosti’ vizantijskogo myslitelja XIV veka Feodora Metohita: manifest tradicionalizma (glavy 7–9)” [“The ‘Word on Education’ of the XIV Century Byzantine Thinker Theodore Metohit: A Manifest of Traditionalism (Chapters 7–9)”], in D. S. Birjukov, D. I. Makarov, L. A. Serebrjakov (eds.) Muzyka v sisteme kul’tury. Nauchnyj vestnik Ural’skoj konservatorii. Vyp. 16. Aktual’nye problemy jazyka i kul’tury. Materialy Vtoroj mezhvuzovskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii so vserossijskim uchastiem 31 oktjabrja 2018 g. Yekaterinburg: Ural’skaja gosudarstvennaja konservatorija, pp. 117–123 (in Russian).

27. Moniou D. I. (2011) Geōrgios Moschambar. Enas anthenōtikos theologos tēs prōimēs palaiologeias periodou. Bios kai ergo [George Moschabar. An Ascetic Theologian of the Early Paleologian Period. Life and Works]. Athēna: P. Kyriakidēs (in Greek).

28. Müller F. (ed.) (1958) Gregorii Nysseni Opera. Vol. III/1. Opera dogmatica minora. Leiden: Brill.

29. Nogovicin O. N. (2019) “Vlijanie shkol’noj tradicii aleksandrijskogo neoplatonizma na hristologicheskie spory VI v.: ponjatie ‘chastnoj prirody’ v ‘Arbitre’ Ioanna Filopona” [“The Influence of the School Tradition of Alexandrian Neoplatonism on the 6^th century Christological Disputes: The Concept of ‘Private Nature’ in the ‘Arbitrator’ of John Philopon”], in K. V. Sultanov (ed.) Istoricheskoe soznanie i postmaterial’nye cennosti. Sbornik nauchnyh statej. Saint-Petersburg: Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, pp. 313–327 (in Russian).

30. Petrov V. V. (2008) “Ontologija Maksima Ispovednika: transformacija antichnoj paradigmy” [“Ontology of Maximus the Confessor: Transformation of the Ancient Paradigm”]. Voprosy filosofii, no. 2, pp. 161–166 (in Russian).

31. Polemē I. D. (ed.) (2002) Theodōros Metochitēs. Ēthikos ē peri paideias [Theodore Metochites. Ethics or about Educations]. Athēna: Kanakē (Keimena byzantinēs logotechnias; 1) (in Greek).

32. Sabbatos Ch. (2012) “Le ‘Discours antirrhétique contre les blasphèmes de Bekkos’ du patriarche Grégoire II de Chypre et son œuvre intitulée ‘Sur la procession du Saint-Esprit’”, in J.-C. Larchet (ed.) La vie et l’œuvre théologique de Georges. Paris: Cerf, pp. 131–164.

33. Shchukin T. (ed.) (2016) “Ob obshchej prirode i Troice” [“On the Common Nature and the Trinity”]. ESSE. Problemy filosofii i teologii. Nauchnyj zhurnal. Saint-Petersburg: GUAP, no. 1 (1), pp. 371–376 (in Russian).

34. Thunberg L. (2001) “Spirit, Grace, and Human Receptivity in St. Maximus the Confessor”. Studia рatristica, vol. 37, pp. 608–617.

35. Zhyrkova A. (2009) “Hypostasis — the Principle of Individual Existence in John of Damascus”. Journal of Early Christian Studies, vol. 61 (1–2), pp. 101–130.

36. Zhyrkova A. (2017) “John of Damascus’ Philosophy of the Individual and the Theology of Icons”, in A. Kaldellis, N. Siniossoglou (eds.) The Cambridge Intellectual History of Byzantium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 431–446.

37. Zhyrkova A. (2017) “Leontius of Byzantium and the Concept of Enhypostaton. A Critical Re-evaluation”. Forum Philosophicum, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 193–218.