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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">patristic</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Библия и христианская древность</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bible and Christian Antiquity</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2658−7815</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1122</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Московская духовная академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31802/BCA.2021.12.4.004</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">patristic-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Литература Второго Храма</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCHES. Second Temple Literature</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Послание к Евреям 7, 3: argumentum ex silentio в контексте ранней иудейской экзегезы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Heb. 7, 3: Argumentum ex silentio in the Light of Early Jewish Exegesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колодный</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodniy</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Юрьевич Колодный, магистр теологии аспирант  </p><p>191167, Санкт-Петербург, набережная Обводного канала, д. 17 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene Y. Kolodniy, MA in Theology PhD student </p><p>17, Naberezhnaya Obvodnogo Kanala, Saint-Petersburg 191167 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.kolodnyy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургская духовная академия</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Theological Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колодный Е.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колодный Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolodniy E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.patristic.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://www.patristic.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья посвящена рассмотрению экзегетического приёма, называемого argumentum ex silentio. Его суть состоит в том, что экзегет выводит dictum (утверждение о библейском отрывке), основываясь на «молчании» библейского текста о каком-либо лице, событии или явлении. В Послании к Евреям (7, 3) этот приём является одним из ключевых звеньев в доказательстве превосходства мессианского священства Иисуса Христа над священством левитов, однако для читателя, не знакомого с тогдашней герменевтической практикой, логика этого аргумента может оставаться не вполне прозрачной и требует специального рассмотрения. Для прояснения этого аспекта в статье предпринимается анализ особенностей применения данного метода в некоторых ранних иудейских экзегетических произведениях: в Мидраше «Берешит Рабба», Таргуме Псевдо-Йонатана, трактате Филона Александрийского «О бегстве и обретении» и Мидраше «Танхума». Примеры из иудейской литературы создают фон, в контексте которого рассматриваются особенности применения аргумента от молчания в Евр. 7, 3. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The present article is dedicated to the exegetical argument based on silence or «argumentum ex silentio». In early Judaic hermeneutics a silence of the Scripture was regarded as the basis for a statement that a thing had never happened if it wasn’t mentioned. This method plays an important role in Hebrews argument on the superiority of Jesus’s priesthood over that of Levitical. At the same time, it isn’t quite clear for those who aren’t aware of early Judaic hermeneutics and needs a special consideration. In the following article I analyze some early Judaic exegetical texts (Midrash «Genesis Rabba», Targum Pseudo-Jonathan, Philo’s tract «On Flight and Finding» and Midrash «Tanchuma») using the argument based on silence in order to make a context of Heb. 7, 3 clearer. Thereafter the features of the argument of Heb. 7, 3 are examined in the light of rabbinical texts and Philo of Alexandria. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>argumentum ex silentio</kwd><kwd>герменевтика</kwd><kwd>Послание к Евреям</kwd><kwd>Ветхий Завет</kwd><kwd>мидраш</kwd><kwd>таргум</kwd><kwd>Филон Александрийский</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>argumentum ex silentio</kwd><kwd>hermeneutics</kwd><kwd>Hebrews</kwd><kwd>Old Testament</kwd><kwd>midrash</kwd><kwd>targum</kwd><kwd>Philo of Alexandria</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вевюрко И. С. Септуагинта: древнегреческий текст Ветхого Завета в истории религиозной мысли. М.: МГУ, 2013. Лявданский А. К. Библия. IV. Переводы // ПЭ. М.: ЦНЦ «Православная энциклопедия», 2002. Т. 5. С. 120–200.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вевюрко И. С. 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