patristicБиблия и христианская древностьBible and Christian Antiquity2658−78152713-1122Московская духовная академия10.31802/BCA.2023.2.18.004patristic-13Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. БиблеистикаRESEARCHES. Biblical studies(Не)отверженная Библия. Легенда о переводе Библии на греческий язык (LXX) в раввинистической традиции(Un)rejected Bible: The Legend of the Greek Translation of the Bible (LXX) in the Rabbinic Traditionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7389-5560ВолчковСвященник АлексийVolchkovPriest Aleksei S.

Священник Алексий Волчков, кандидат теологии научный сотрудник

Priest Aleksei S. Volchkov, PhD in Theology Researcher

aleksei.volchkov@ev-theologie.uni-tuebingen.deТюбингенский университетUniversity of Tübingen20231002202602177201Copyright © Волчков С.S., 20262026Волчков С.Volchkov P.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.patristic.ru/jour/article/view/13

Считается, что в традиции раввинов перевод еврейской Библии на греческий язык расценивался как трагическое событие с роковыми для Израиля последствиями. В память об этом ошибочном начинании даже был установлен специальный день для поста и сетований, а сам перевод сравнивался с созданием золотого тельца. На основании некоторых раввинистических свидетельств в европейской науке возникло представление о свершившемся на рубеже I и II веков н. э. отказе иудеев от использования Септуагинты. Новейшие исследования свидетельствуют о полной неадекватности этой концепции по отношению к исторической реальности. Иудеи, жившие в пределах Римской, а затем Византийской империи активно использовали греческий перевод. Септуагинта была Библией иудаизма диаспоры в течение многих веков. Фактически, в самой литературе раввинов можно найти множество позитивных оценок LXX. В статье будет показано, как трансформировалась легенда о «Торе для царя Талмая (Птолемея)» в контексте литературы раввинов (II–IX веков н. э.).

It is believed that in rabbinic tradition, the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek was regarded as a tragic event with fatal consequences for Israel. To commemorate this misguided undertaking, a special day of fasting and lamentation was even established, and the translation itself was compared to the creation of the golden calf. Based on some rabbinic testimonies, European scholarship has developed the notion that the Jews abandoned the Septuagint at the turn of the first and second centuries AD. The latest research shows the complete inadequacy of this concept in relation to historical reality. The Jews who lived within the Roman and later Byzantine empires made extensive use of the Greek translation. The Septuagint was the Bible of Diaspora Judaism for many centuries. In fact, there are many positive evaluations of the LXX in the rabbinic literature itself. This article will show how the legend of «Torah for King Tolmai (Ptolemy)» was transformed in the context of rabbinic literature (2nd–9th centuries CE).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.